బ్రాహ్మిన్ అయ్యాక మాంసాహారం తినచ్చా??

[Teluguredu]

6 minutes ago, aratipandu said:

mottham chadavadam kashtam kaani south Asia part chadiva

"Steppe Ancestry in South Asia is Primarily from Males and Disproportionately High in Brahmins"

deeni basis medha "Brahmins are migrants from north india ,they are not even pure telugu people." ani statement icchanu antaav. anthe na?

 

ne conclusion lo bokkalu unnay....what about brahmin ladies then? brahmin ladies ki kuda same ancestry undaali ga?

also from the reddit individual sources you posted, even reddys and kammas seem tohave significant steppe ancestry...so ne conclusion prakaram vallu kuda pure telugu people kaadha???

who exactly are native telugu people then?? is there a particular caste which has no steppe ancenstry at all???

All castes have fair skinned and dark skinned people...even brahmins lo kuda

Bro ,you don't know basic things in genetics that's why you are talking bullshit lol.

First off they said ancestry source  is from males meaning that the haplogroups passed during initial breeding were from males which meant that the steppe males took native women .and then bred with them.thats why you find male haplogroups and not steppe female haplogroups in indian steppe heavy populations.

Secondly reddies and kammas don't have much steppe 4-5% is negligible and probably from one of their ancestors having relations with Brahmins or other steppe communities.

Source population of Brahmins is steppe heavy populations that's why they spoke sanskrit while source of telugu castes is ivc that's why they speak Dravidian languages.

 

 

[aratipandu]

Just now, Teluguredu said:

Bro ,you don't know basic things in genetics that's why you are talking bullshit lol.

First off they said ancestry source  is from males meaning that the haplogroups passed during initial breeding were from males which meant that the steppe males took native women .and then bred with them.thats why you find male haplogroups and not steppe female haplogroups in indian steppe heavy populations.

Secondly reddies and kammas don't have much steppe 4-5% is negligible and probably from one of their ancestors having relations with Brahmins or other steppe communities.

Source population of Brahmins is steppe that's why they spoke sanskrit while source of telugu castes is ivc that's why they speak Dravidian languages.

 

 

okay anna....Agree I don't know anything about genetics...

you win...nannu odhileyy

[Teluguredu]

7 minutes ago, aratipandu said:

mottham chadavadam kashtam kaani south Asia part chadiva

"Steppe Ancestry in South Asia is Primarily from Males and Disproportionately High in Brahmins"

deeni basis medha "Brahmins are migrants from north india ,they are not even pure telugu people." ani statement icchanu antaav. anthe na?

 

ne conclusion lo bokkalu unnay....what about brahmin ladies then? brahmin ladies ki kuda same ancestry undaali ga?

also from the reddit individual sources you posted, even reddys and kammas seem tohave significant steppe ancestry...so ne conclusion prakaram vallu kuda pure telugu people kaadha???

who exactly are native telugu people then?? is there a particular caste which has no steppe ancenstry at all???

All castes have fair skinned and dark skinned people...even brahmins lo kuda

Also it's not my conclusion anyone with a basic knowledge on south asian genetics would say the same .

Color doesn't matter cause even iran_n component gives light colored feautures.

[RavvaKesari]

7 hours ago, psycontr said:

 

Bokkalo bogam topic. Baapaneees gurinchi enti intha gola. Aa daridrulu vallaney caste system vachindi. 

[RavvaKesari]

1 minute ago, CaptainMaverick said:

LOL vallu caste system create nuvvenduku vaatini follow avuthunnav?? Soyee lenollandaraki thokkalo opinion okati untundi!!

The solidification of the caste system in India wasn’t solely the work of Brahmins or a top-down imposition; it involved active participation and contributions from other caste groups—Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Shudras, and later jatis—driven by social, economic, political, and cultural dynamics. While Brahmins shaped the ideological framework (varna) through Vedic texts, the system’s durability and complexity emerged from the interplay of all groups adapting to historical circumstances. Here’s how other castes played a role:

Kshatriyas (Warriors and Rulers)

 

• Political Legitimation:
  • Kshatriyas, as kings and warriors, were essential in enforcing and institutionalizing the caste hierarchy. They partnered with Brahmins in a symbiotic relationship: Brahmins provided religious legitimacy (e.g., coronation rituals, divine kingship myths), while Kshatriyas offered patronage, land grants (brahmadeya), and military backing.
  • Example: The Gupta Empire (4th–6th century CE) saw rulers like Chandragupta II codify varna duties in alliance with Brahmin advisors, as seen in inscriptions like the Allahabad Pillar. This solidified caste as a state-supported system.
     
• Land Control:
  • Kshatriyas controlled land and labor, integrating Shudras and local tribes into agrarian roles under their authority. By granting land to Brahmins or Vaishyas, they reinforced caste-based economic divisions.
  • In South India, dynasties like the Cholas (9th–13th century) employed non-Brahmin warriors (e.g., Vellalars) as administrators, embedding caste into governance.
    
     
• Cultural Reinforcement:
  • Epics like the Mahabharata and Ramayana, patronized by Kshatriya elites, depict varna duties (e.g., Arjuna as a Kshatriya warrior, Rama as an ideal king), popularizing the system beyond priestly texts.
     
  
   

Role: Kshatriyas gave the caste system political muscle and economic grounding,into a practical hierarchy enforced by power.

 

Vaishyas (Merchants and Traders)

• Economic Foundations:
  • Vaishyas, as traders, farmers, and artisans, drove the economic specialization that underpinned jati formation. Their guilds (e.g., shreni in ancient India) organized labor by craft or trade, creating endogamous units that aligned with varna’s productive class.
  • Example: Inscriptions from the Satavahana period (1st–3rd century CE) show Vaishya merchants funding Buddhist monasteries alongside Brahmin priests, integrating caste into urban economies.
    
     
• Mobility and Adaptation:
  • As trade grew (e.g., along the Silk Road or maritime routes), Vaishyas like the Chettiars in South India or Banias in the north elevated their status, sometimes claiming Kshatriya-like roles. This flexibility helped jatis proliferate while staying within the varna framework.
    
     
• Patronage:
  • Wealthy Vaishyas supported temples and Brahmin settlements, reinforcing caste interdependence. The 11th-century Brihadeeswarar Temple in Tamil Nadu, built under Chola patronage, relied on Vaishya contributions for its economy.
     
  
   

Role: Vaishyas solidified caste by anchoring it in economic life, turning abstract varna categories into functional, hereditary occupations.

 

Shudras (Laborers and Servants)

 

• Labor Base:
  • Shudras, encompassing farmers, artisans, and laborers, formed the system’s productive backbone. Their acceptance—or coercion—into subordinate roles allowed the upper varnas to thrive. Texts like the Manusmriti assign them service duties, but their labor sustained the agrarian and craft economies.
  • Example: In medieval South India, Shudra peasant communities (e.g., Kaikkolars, weavers) organized into jatis with their own hierarchies, adopting caste norms to secure land rights or social stability.
    
     
• Jati Proliferation:
  • Shudras weren’t a monolith; they split into countless jatis based on occupation (e.g., potters, barbers, fishermen). This fragmentation wasn’t Brahmin-driven but a grassroots response to local needs, which upper castes later sanctioned.
  • Anthropologist M.N. Srinivas notes that Shudra jatis often sought upward mobility via "Sanskritization," adopting Brahminical norms (e.g., vegetarianism, rituals) to claim higher status, thus reinforcing the system.
  • Note: M.N. Srinivas is a bigot of the worst kind...pure cultural marxist who hated his own existence. This fool fails to mention that Vegetarianism among Brahmins is mostly a regional thing rather than a universal practice. Bengali, Konkan Brahmins have history of consuming fish as part of their diet owing to their coastal inhabitation. Similarly, Thai Brahmins consume meat just like their Thai counterparts. Some Brahmins like Venu Swamy who is a self-professed meat eater consumes meat as part of his pooja ritual.
• Resistance and Integration:
  • While some Shudras resisted (e.g., early Buddhist converts), most integrated into the caste order, especially after the decline of Buddhism (~7th century CE), when Hindu rulers and Brahmins reasserted dominance.
    
     
  
  
   

Role: Shudras solidified caste by accepting and diversifying it at the grassroots, providing the labor and social mass that made it viable.

 

Jatis (Beyond Varna)

 

• Self-Regulation:
  • Jatis—emerging from all varnas but especially Shudras and Vaishyas—developed their own councils (panchayats), customs, and marriage rules. This self-governance entrenched caste as a decentralized, community-driven system, not just a Brahmin diktat.
  • Example: The Reddy and Kamma jatis in Andhra Pradesh, though tied to Kshatriya-like roles, built their own power structures through landownership and alliances, not Brahmin decrees.
    
     
• Economic Specialization:
  • Jatis aligned with regional economies (e.g., toddy-tappers in Kerala, goldsmiths in Gujarat), creating a web of interdependence. Upper castes relied on these groups, locking the system in place.
    
     
• Colonial Reinforcement:
  • Under British rule (18th–20th century), non-Brahmin castes petitioned for recognition in censuses (e.g., 1901 Census), claiming Kshatriya or Vaishya status to gain privileges. This competition rigidified jati boundaries, as Nicholas Dirks argues in Castes of Mind.
    
     
  
  
   

Role: Jatis turned caste into a living, adaptive network, embedding it in daily life beyond Vedic ideals.

 

Broader Dynamics

 

• State Power: Rulers from all varnas (e.g., Mauryas, Pallavas, Vijayanagara kings) codified caste through laws, taxes, and land systems, making it a governance tool. The Arthashastra (non-Brahmin authorship) advises kings to maintain varna order for stability.
• Religious Movements: Bhakti saints (e.g., Basavanna, 12th century) from Shudra or Vaishya backgrounds challenged caste but often reinforced it by operating within its terms, urging devotion over hierarchy.
• Economic Shifts: The rise of feudalism (~500–1200 CE) tied castes to land tenure—Kshatriyas as lords, Vaishyas as intermediaries, Shudras as tillers—cementing interdependence.
  
   

Synthesis

 

• Kshatriyas provided the political and military muscle, enforcing caste through statecraft and patronage.
• Vaishyas built the economic scaffolding, linking caste to trade and production.
• Shudras supplied the labor and diversified caste into jatis, making it pervasive.
• Jatis across all varnas internalized and localized the system, giving it resilience.
   

Conclusion

Brahmins articulated the caste system’s ideology, but other castes solidified it by operationalizing it—through power (Kshatriyas), wealth (Vaishyas), labor (Shudras), and community (jatis). It wasn’t a unilateral invention but a collective construction, hardened by mutual reliance and historical forces like feudalism, trade, and colonial rule. Each group, knowingly or not, locked the system into place, making it a shared legacy rather than a Brahmin monopoly.

Ee raasedi exams lo raasi unte pradhana poojari post ichavaru meeku. Pappu lo Baapanese 

[RPGPulka]

9 hours ago, JANASENA said:

bramhin avvadamendi ra pundakor saale (refering to "Monster" tweet esinodu). 

if you're born a bramhin you're a bramhin until and unless if you convert. not the other way around. 

 

neeku vizag lo janasena party ticket confirm anna

[Mediahypocrisy]

9 hours ago, psycontr said:

 

He is not brahmin anta he is sanatani

[RavvaKesari]

20 minutes ago, CaptainMaverick said:

LOL nenu Baaponadini nijamgaa aithe nee gruddha eppudo pagalakottidini!! Nee lanti kukka LK gallu Hindus ni andulo nishta gaa unde Brahmins ni abuse chesthe ikkadevvadu chusthu urukodu!

Poyi pakkaki velli aaduko babu. Nuvu nista ga unte enti lekapothe enti? Boothulu matladali ante i can, nee 10 generations kinda meeda kuda enduku puttaru ani feel ayi depression ki pothav. Such a piglet. 

[Raisins_72]

33 minutes ago, RavvaKesari said:

Poyi pakkaki velli aaduko babu. Nuvu nista ga unte enti lekapothe enti? Boothulu matladali ante i can, nee 10 generations kinda meeda kuda enduku puttaru ani feel ayi depression ki pothav. Such a piglet. 

@Mancode - idhigo mee favorite Anniyya 

@ravvakesari alias @Raven_Raeyes alias @Teluguredu alias @pottipotato

urikey dhorikipothaadu Bujji/Gajji M0nda 😃😃

[Mancode]

4 minutes ago, Raisins_72 said:

@Mancode - idhigo mee favorite Anniyya 

@ravvakesari alias @Raven_Raeyes alias @Teluguredu alias @pottipotato

urikey dhorikipothaadu Bujji/Gajji M0nda 😃😃

@Raven_Raeyes is goal post shifter , once i debated with him on macro economics and CPA inflation 4,5% is not bad when interest rates are nominal ani. But he is not same ankunta

[RavvaKesari]

35 minutes ago, CaptainMaverick said:

Asalu neeku sambandham emundi?? Vasthe facts teesukuni raa! Lekapothe calm gaa kurcho! Vacchi caste abuses chesi Hindus ni divide cheyyalani chusthe itlaane untundi reply!! 

Lite teesko bhayya. Konchem pappu tagginchi tinandi. 

[aratipandu]

2 hours ago, CaptainMaverick said:

 

Background on Steppe Ancestry

Steppe ancestry refers to genetic contributions from Bronze Age pastoralists of the Eurasian steppe (e.g., Yamnaya culture), who migrated into South Asia around 2000–1500 BCE, bringing Indo-European languages and mixing with local populations. This ancestry is often labeled "Northeast European" (NE Euro) in tools like HarappaWorld or detected via Y-DNA haplogroup R1a1a. In India, it’s a component of the **Ancestral North Indian (ANI)** pool, which blends with **Ancestral South Indian (ASI)** ancestry in varying proportions.

 Genetic Profile of Kammas, Kapus, and Reddys
These communities are historically tied to the Andhra region, with Kammas and Reddys often claiming Kshatriya-like status (warriors/rulers) and Kapus associated with agrarian roles (sometimes linked to Shudra or Vaishya varna). Genetic data on them comes from broader South Indian studies, supplemented by citizen-science projects and inferred from their geographic and social position.

1. Kammas
- **Historical Context**: Kammas emerged as a powerful landowning and warrior class during medieval times, notably under the Vijayanagara Empire and later as zamindars. Some claim Kshatriya descent, aligning with northern Vedic elites.
- Autosomal DNA: 
  - Studies (e.g., Narasimhan et al., 2019) and HarappaWorld runs suggest Kammas have a mix of ~55–65% ASI (indigenous South Indian) and ~25–35% ANI (including steppe and Iranian farmer ancestry). Their steppe component (NE Euro) is typically 5–15%, lower than North Indian Brahmins (15–25%) or Punjabis (~30%) but higher than South Indian tribal groups (~0–5%).
  - This steppe signal likely reflects gene flow from northern migrations that reached the Deccan and Andhra via trade, conquest, or elite intermarriage.
- Y-DNA: Limited data exists, but R1a1a (steppe-linked) appears in some Kamma samples at ~20–40%, alongside indigenous haplogroups like H and L. This suggests a subset of paternal lines may trace to steppe migrants, though not as dominantly as in Brahmins.
- Conclusion: Kammas have steppe ancestry, but it’s diluted compared to northern groups, consistent with their South Indian location and partial assimilation of northern influences.

 2. Kapus
- Historical Context: Kapus (including sub-groups like Telaga and Balija) are traditionally farmers and traders, with some claiming Vaishya or Kshatriya status in colonial records. They’re less militarized than Kammas or Reddys historically.
- Autosomal DNA: 
  - Kapus likely mirror Kammas in ancestry: ~60–70% ASI and ~20–30% ANI, with steppe ancestry at **5–10%**. Their slightly higher ASI proportion aligns with a stronger agrarian, local root compared to Kammas’ warrior elite status.
  - GEDmatch data from Andhra participants often shows Kapus clustering closer to other Dravidian-speaking groups, with less steppe input than Brahmins or northwestern castes.
- Y-DNA: R1a1a is less frequent (10–30%), with H and F (indigenous) more common, suggesting fewer steppe-derived paternal lines than Kammas or Reddys.
- Conclusion: Kapus have steppe ancestry, but it’s minimal, reflecting limited direct interaction with steppe migrants and more blending with local populations.

 3. Reddys
- Historical Context: Reddys rose as rulers and landowners, notably post-Kakatiya and Vijayanagara periods, with some dynasties (e.g., Reddy Kingdom) claiming Kshatriya lineage. Their status parallels Kammas but with deeper political prominence.
- Autosomal DNA: 
  - Reddys show ~50–60% ASI and ~30–40% ANI, with steppe ancestry at 10–20%—slightly higher than Kapus and sometimes Kammas. This fits their historical role as a regional elite, potentially intermarrying with northern-derived groups or local Brahmins.
  - HarappaWorld models often place Reddys closer to Tamil Vellalars or Karnataka’s Bunts, with a noticeable NE Euro signal.
- Y-DNA: R1a1a appears in ~30–50% of Reddy samples, alongside H and J2, suggesting a stronger steppe paternal contribution than Kapus, akin to Kammas or even South Indian Brahmins (~20–50%).
- Conclusion: Reddys have steppe ancestry, more pronounced than Kapus and comparable to Kammas, likely due to their ruling class history and northern cultural ties.

 Comparative Analysis
-Steppe Gradient: Across South India, steppe ancestry decreases from northwest to south. Andhra’s intermediate position means Kammas, Kapus, and Reddys have more steppe DNA than, say, Tamil tribals (~0–5%) or Kerala Nairs (~5–10%), but less than North Indian Kshatriyas (e.g., Rajputs: 20–40%) or Brahmins.
Brahmin Contrast: South Indian Brahmins (e.g., Tamil Iyers) have 5–15% steppe ancestry, similar to these groups, but their ANI is often higher (40–50%) due to historical endogamy and northern migration. Kammas/Reddys match this steppe range, while Kapus lag slightly.
-Local Roots: All three groups are predominantly ASI-derived, tying them to South India’s indigenous base, with steppe ancestry as a secondary layer from later migrations.

Evidence from DNA Tests
- 23andMe: Users from these communities might see ~85–95% "South Asian" with 5–10% "Central Asian" or "Broadly West Eurasian," hinting at steppe ancestry. Kapus might show less "Central Asian" (~3–7%) than Kammas/Reddys (~5–15%).
- HarappaWorld/GEDmatch: Sample runs (e.g., from Andhra participants) consistently show NE Euro at:
  - Kammas: 8–14%
  - Kapus: 5–10%
  - Reddys: 10–18%
- Research Studies: The 2019 Narasimhan paper’s modeling of South Indian castes places Andhra’s dominant groups in an "ANI-ASI cline," with steppe ancestry detectable but not dominant (~5–20% depending on proximity to northern influence).

Interpretation
- Yes, They Have Steppe Ancestry: Kammas, Kapus, and Reddys all carry steppe DNA, reflecting South Asia’s broader history of Indo-European migrations. The amount varies: Reddys and Kammas (10–20%) show more than Kapus (5–10%), likely due to their elite status and interactions with northern-derived groups.
- Not Steppe-Dominant: Unlike North Indian upper castes (e.g., Jats: 30–40% steppe), these groups are overwhelmingly South Indian (ASI-heavy), with steppe as a minority component diluted over millennia.
- Historical Mechanism: This ancestry likely entered via male-mediated gene flow (e.g., warriors, traders) during the post-Harappan period, blending with local Dravidian populations through marriage and migration.

 Caveats
- Sparse Data: Specific studies on these castes are limited; most conclusions are extrapolated from regional samples or self-reported DNA projects.
- Endogamy Effects: Centuries of caste endogamy may amplify certain signals (e.g., R1a1a) in some families, skewing perceptions of "typical" ancestry.

In summary, Kammas, Kapus, and Reddys do have steppe ancestry—ranging from modest (Kapus) to moderate (Kammas, Reddys)—but it’s a small piece of their predominantly South Indian genetic makeup. @psycopk

This was exactly my point anna.....almost all castes lo there'll be people with enthokontha european ancestry ani...Thanks for the detailed explanation.

[Raisins_72]

26 minutes ago, CaptainMaverick said:

Nuvvu kuda Bapanolla pitthula vaasana peelchatam tagginchu bhayya!!
Evado gaatigaane gootam dimpaadu!! Inkaa teesinattu ledu!!

 

Chennai traffic lo kathalu mingindu anta youth lo unnappudu, avathalodu kottudey kottudu anta 😂😂 - Appudey chinna medhadu chithikindhi Peddha medhadu dhobbindhi ani talkuuu 😃

[Teluguredu]

4 hours ago, CaptainMaverick said:

 

Background on Steppe Ancestry

Steppe ancestry refers to genetic contributions from Bronze Age pastoralists of the Eurasian steppe (e.g., Yamnaya culture), who migrated into South Asia around 2000–1500 BCE, bringing Indo-European languages and mixing with local populations. This ancestry is often labeled "Northeast European" (NE Euro) in tools like HarappaWorld or detected via Y-DNA haplogroup R1a1a. In India, it’s a component of the **Ancestral North Indian (ANI)** pool, which blends with **Ancestral South Indian (ASI)** ancestry in varying proportions.

 Genetic Profile of Kammas, Kapus, and Reddys
These communities are historically tied to the Andhra region, with Kammas and Reddys often claiming Kshatriya-like status (warriors/rulers) and Kapus associated with agrarian roles (sometimes linked to Shudra or Vaishya varna). Genetic data on them comes from broader South Indian studies, supplemented by citizen-science projects and inferred from their geographic and social position.

1. Kammas
- **Historical Context**: Kammas emerged as a powerful landowning and warrior class during medieval times, notably under the Vijayanagara Empire and later as zamindars. Some claim Kshatriya descent, aligning with northern Vedic elites.
- Autosomal DNA: 
  - Studies (e.g., Narasimhan et al., 2019) and HarappaWorld runs suggest Kammas have a mix of ~55–65% ASI (indigenous South Indian) and ~25–35% ANI (including steppe and Iranian farmer ancestry). Their steppe component (NE Euro) is typically 5–15%, lower than North Indian Brahmins (15–25%) or Punjabis (~30%) but higher than South Indian tribal groups (~0–5%).
  - This steppe signal likely reflects gene flow from northern migrations that reached the Deccan and Andhra via trade, conquest, or elite intermarriage.
- Y-DNA: Limited data exists, but R1a1a (steppe-linked) appears in some Kamma samples at ~20–40%, alongside indigenous haplogroups like H and L. This suggests a subset of paternal lines may trace to steppe migrants, though not as dominantly as in Brahmins.
- Conclusion: Kammas have steppe ancestry, but it’s diluted compared to northern groups, consistent with their South Indian location and partial assimilation of northern influences.

 2. Kapus
- Historical Context: Kapus (including sub-groups like Telaga and Balija) are traditionally farmers and traders, with some claiming Vaishya or Kshatriya status in colonial records. They’re less militarized than Kammas or Reddys historically.
- Autosomal DNA: 
  - Kapus likely mirror Kammas in ancestry: ~60–70% ASI and ~20–30% ANI, with steppe ancestry at **5–10%**. Their slightly higher ASI proportion aligns with a stronger agrarian, local root compared to Kammas’ warrior elite status.
  - GEDmatch data from Andhra participants often shows Kapus clustering closer to other Dravidian-speaking groups, with less steppe input than Brahmins or northwestern castes.
- Y-DNA: R1a1a is less frequent (10–30%), with H and F (indigenous) more common, suggesting fewer steppe-derived paternal lines than Kammas or Reddys.
- Conclusion: Kapus have steppe ancestry, but it’s minimal, reflecting limited direct interaction with steppe migrants and more blending with local populations.

 3. Reddys
- Historical Context: Reddys rose as rulers and landowners, notably post-Kakatiya and Vijayanagara periods, with some dynasties (e.g., Reddy Kingdom) claiming Kshatriya lineage. Their status parallels Kammas but with deeper political prominence.
- Autosomal DNA: 
  - Reddys show ~50–60% ASI and ~30–40% ANI, with steppe ancestry at 10–20%—slightly higher than Kapus and sometimes Kammas. This fits their historical role as a regional elite, potentially intermarrying with northern-derived groups or local Brahmins.
  - HarappaWorld models often place Reddys closer to Tamil Vellalars or Karnataka’s Bunts, with a noticeable NE Euro signal.
- Y-DNA: R1a1a appears in ~30–50% of Reddy samples, alongside H and J2, suggesting a stronger steppe paternal contribution than Kapus, akin to Kammas or even South Indian Brahmins (~20–50%).
- Conclusion: Reddys have steppe ancestry, more pronounced than Kapus and comparable to Kammas, likely due to their ruling class history and northern cultural ties.

 Comparative Analysis
-Steppe Gradient: Across South India, steppe ancestry decreases from northwest to south. Andhra’s intermediate position means Kammas, Kapus, and Reddys have more steppe DNA than, say, Tamil tribals (~0–5%) or Kerala Nairs (~5–10%), but less than North Indian Kshatriyas (e.g., Rajputs: 20–40%) or Brahmins.
Brahmin Contrast: South Indian Brahmins (e.g., Tamil Iyers) have 5–15% steppe ancestry, similar to these groups, but their ANI is often higher (40–50%) due to historical endogamy and northern migration. Kammas/Reddys match this steppe range, while Kapus lag slightly.
-Local Roots: All three groups are predominantly ASI-derived, tying them to South India’s indigenous base, with steppe ancestry as a secondary layer from later migrations.

Evidence from DNA Tests
- 23andMe: Users from these communities might see ~85–95% "South Asian" with 5–10% "Central Asian" or "Broadly West Eurasian," hinting at steppe ancestry. Kapus might show less "Central Asian" (~3–7%) than Kammas/Reddys (~5–15%).
- HarappaWorld/GEDmatch: Sample runs (e.g., from Andhra participants) consistently show NE Euro at:
  - Kammas: 8–14%
  - Kapus: 5–10%
  - Reddys: 10–18%
- Research Studies: The 2019 Narasimhan paper’s modeling of South Indian castes places Andhra’s dominant groups in an "ANI-ASI cline," with steppe ancestry detectable but not dominant (~5–20% depending on proximity to northern influence).

Interpretation
- Yes, They Have Steppe Ancestry: Kammas, Kapus, and Reddys all carry steppe DNA, reflecting South Asia’s broader history of Indo-European migrations. The amount varies: Reddys and Kammas (10–20%) show more than Kapus (5–10%), likely due to their elite status and interactions with northern-derived groups.
- Not Steppe-Dominant: Unlike North Indian upper castes (e.g., Jats: 30–40% steppe), these groups are overwhelmingly South Indian (ASI-heavy), with steppe as a minority component diluted over millennia.
- Historical Mechanism: This ancestry likely entered via male-mediated gene flow (e.g., warriors, traders) during the post-Harappan period, blending with local Dravidian populations through marriage and migration.

 Caveats
- Sparse Data: Specific studies on these castes are limited; most conclusions are extrapolated from regional samples or self-reported DNA projects.
- Endogamy Effects: Centuries of caste endogamy may amplify certain signals (e.g., R1a1a) in some families, skewing perceptions of "typical" ancestry.

In summary, Kammas, Kapus, and Reddys do have steppe ancestry—ranging from modest (Kapus) to moderate (Kammas, Reddys)—but it’s a small piece of their predominantly South Indian genetic makeup. @psycopk

Nah they all have negligible steppe 5% to 0% mostly .Brahmins consistently score 15-20% Brahmins source population is a high steppe group while these land owning castes source population is an ivc heavy populations.

There are very few people well versed than me in telugu genetics.i have seen dozens of samples .

[Teluguredu]

1 hour ago, CaptainMaverick said:

Yes!! brahmins, Kshatriyas(including Reddys, Kammas, Kapus), Vysyas even many castes which are classified as BC today, Lambadis as SC, they all have steppe ancestry!! We are all mixed but in varying proportions andulo kuda pedda theda emi undadu!! Dravidian anedi language model thappithe race model kaadu!! Konthamandi South lo peddaga voting % leni brahmins ni balipasuvu gaa chupinchi prapancham lo unna anardhaalaki valle kaaranamani valla meeda archakaalu chesaaru...ituvanti valle malli turaka arachakallani samardhinche secular bhavalunna kuhina marxist-communist neechulu!

No they don't lol whatever little steppe they had come from mingling with Brahmins.many of them have zero steppe too.